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洋芋,又名土豆;是和种粮菜兼用型的蔬菜,学名马铃署,与稻、麦、玉米、高梁一起被称为全球五大农作物。在法国土豆被称作“地下苹果”。土豆营养成分齐全,而且易为人体消化吸收,在欧美享有“第二面包”的称号。

土豆淀粉在体内被缓慢吸引,不会导致血糖过高,可用作糖尿病患者的食疗。土豆所含的粗纤维,有促进胃肠蠕动和加速胆固醇在肠道内代谢的功效,具有通便和降低胆固醇的作用,可以治疗习惯性便秘和预防血胆固醇增高。土豆是低热能、高蛋白、含有多种维生素和微量元素的食品,是理想的减肥食品。科学证明,含钾高的食物可以降低中风的发病率。每100克土豆含钾高达300毫克,专家认为,每周吃5~6个土豆可使中风机会下降40%。中医认为,土豆性平味甘,具有和胃调中、益气健脾、强身益肾、消炎、活血消肿等功效,可辅助治疗消化不良、习惯性便秘、神疲乏力、慢性胃痛、关节疼痛、皮肤湿疹等症。土豆对消化不良的治疗有特效,是胃病和心脏病患者的良药及优质保健食品

土豆宜去皮吃,有芽眼的部分应挖去,以免中毒。土豆切开后容易氧化变黑,属于常现象,不会造成危害。人们经常把切好的土豆片、土豆丝放入水中,去掉过多的淀粉以便烹调。但注意不要泡得太久而致使营养流失。皮色发青或发芽的土豆不能吃,以防龙葵素中毒。

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